States of Matter

TEKS Objective

The student will predict and identify changes in materials caused by heating and cooling such as ice melting, water freezing, and water evaporating.

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Essential Understanding

The student knows that objects have properties and patterns.

Science Background

The Water Cycle, Evaporation: US Geological Survey (website) - Learn what evaporation is, why it occurs, and the role it plays in the water cycle.

The Water Cycle, Evaporation
US Geological Survey, www.usgs.gov

What is the Difference Between Evaporation and Condensation? American Geological Institute (website) - Detailed information about the differences between these two phases of the water cycle.

What is the Difference Between Evaporation and Condensation?
American Geological Institute, www.k5geosource.org

Signature Lesson

Handprint Evaporation: H2O University (website) - Evaporation occurs when the sun transforms water into vapor. In this experiment, students predict and identify changes in water while they investigate and observe the process of evaporation.

Handprint Evaporation
H2O University, www.h2ouniversity.org

Supporting Lessons

Evaporation Experiment, All Dried Up: The Water Project (website) - Observe and compare the evaporation rates of two water samples, one placed in sunlight or close to a light source, and one placed in the shade.

Evaporation Experiment, All Dried Up
The Water Project, www.thewaterproject.org

Elaboration Lessons and Extensions

Kindergarten Lesson Plans on Evaporation: eHow (website) - Evaporation can be a difficult concept for children to grasp. In this activity, students use shaved ice to investigate and observe the process of evaporation.

Kindergarten Lesson Plans on Evaporation
eHow, www.ehow.com

Assessment Ideas

Give each student a wet sponge and have students develop their own plans to evaporate the water from their sponges. Ask them to draw pictures of their plans in their science notebooks, accompanied by three to four sentences describing how they will carry out their plans. Then have each student test his/her plan and record the results.

Literature Connections

Why Does Water Evaporate? Moore, Rob (ISBN-13: 9781615319152)

Just the Opposite Wet Dry. Gordon, Sharon (ISBN-13: 9780761415725)

Related Science TEKS

(1.2A) Ask Questions
The student is expected to ask questions about organisms, objects, and events observed in the natural world.

(1.2B) Plan and Conduct Descriptive Investigations
The student is expected to plan and conduct simple descriptive investigations such as ways objects move.

(1.2C) Collect Data
The student is expected to collect data and make observations using simple equipment such as hand lenses, primary balances, and non-standard measurement tools.

(1.2D) Record and Organize Data & Observations
The student is expected to record and organize data and observations using pictures, numbers, and words.

(1.2E) Communicate Observations
The student is expected to communicate observations with others about simple descriptive investigations.

(1.4A) Tools for Collecting Information
The student is expected to collect information using tools, including computers, hand lenses, primary balances, cups, bowls, magnets, collecting nets, and notebooks; timing devices, including clocks and timers; non-standard measuring items such as paper clips and clothespins; weather instruments such as demonstration thermometers and wind socks; and materials to support observations of habitats of organisms such as terrariums and aquariums.

Related Math TEKS

1.9A The student is expected to collect and sort data.

1.9B The student is expected to use organized data to construct real object graphs, picture graphs, and bar-type graphs.

1.11C The student is expected to select or develop an appropriate problem-solving plan or strategy including drawing a picture, looking for a pattern, systematic guessing and checking, or acting it out in order to solve a problem.

1.11D The student is expected to use tools such as real objects, manipulatives, and technology to solve problems.

1.12A The student is expected to explain and record observations using objects, words, pictures, numbers, and technology.

1.13A The student is expected to justify his or her thinking using objects, words, pictures, numbers, and technology.

Additional Resources

Introduction to Gas, Liquid and Solid: HotChalk Lesson Plans Page (website) - The entire class models molecular behavior of liquids, solids and gases.

Introduction to Gas, Liquid and Solid
by Robyn Tainton, HotChalk Lesson Plans Page, www.lessonplanspage.com

Changing State Ice and Water: Crickweb (website) - Interactive game for primary school students in which materials can be changed from one state to another by heating or cooling.

Changing State Ice and Water
Crickweb, www.crickweb.co.uk

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