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Freezing and Melting Point of Water (°C)

Supporting

Freezing and Melting Point of Water (°C)

TEKS Objective

Students will identify the boiling and freezing/melting points of water on the Celsius scale.

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4

Essential Understanding

The student knows that (1) matter has measurable physical properties and (2) those properties determine how matter is classified, changed and used.

Science Background

Melting, Freezing and Boiling Point: Purdue University (website) - Research information on the melting, freezing and boiling points of water and other substances.

Melting, Freezing and Boiling Point
Purdue University, www.chemed.chem.purdue.edu

Signature Lesson

Water and Ice: Science NetLinks (website) - Students explore what happens to water as it changes from solid to liquid and back again.

Water and Ice
Science NetLinks, www.sciencenetlinks.com

Melting and Freezing: Science NetLinks (website) - Students learn what happens to different substances as they change from a solid to a liquid or a liquid to a solid. Be certain to have students use thermometers to measure the temperature of the water from recently melted ice in this experiment. 

Melting and Freezing
Science NetLinks, www.sciencenetlinks.com

Supporting Lessons

Deep Freeze: National Teacher Training Institute (website) - Students investigate the freezing point of liquids by making homemade ice cream.

Deep Freeze
by Nancy N. Miller, NTTI, www.thirteen.org

Disapperaring Water: Science NetLinks (website) - Students will observe, compare and contrast the results, over time, when equal amounts of water are placed into an open container and a closed container.

Disapperaring Water
Science NetLinks, http://sciencenetlinks.com

Elaboration Lessons and Extensions

Mpemba Effect, Freezing Hot Water Faster Than Cold: School for Champions (website) - Students compare the time it takes for water at various temperatures to freeze, when placed under the same conditions. Lesson extensions can be found under teacher background-Mpemba Effect.

Mpemba Effect, Freezing Hot Water Faster Than Cold
by Ron Kurtus, School for Champions, www.school-for-champions.com

Assessment Ideas

Have students answer the questions below in their journals, using words and/or pictures. Then allow students to explain their answers verbally.

  • How can we turn water into ice?
  • How can we turn ice into water?
  • Where might we see water changing back and forth between solid and liquid form. Give two examples.
  • Does water ever “get tired?” Do you think water ever will stop changing between liquid, solid and gas states?

Literature Connections

Melting, Freezing, and Boiling: Science Projects with Matter. Gardner, R. (ISBN-13: 978-0766025899)

Water as a Gas. Frost, Helen (ISBN: 978-0736848763)

Solid, Liquid, or Gas? Hewitt, Sally (ISBN-13: 978-0516263939)

Solids, Liquids, Gases. Simon, Charnan (ISBN-13: 978-0756509767)

Related Science TEKS

(5.1A) Science Safety
The student is expected to demonstrate safe practices and the use of safety equipment as described in the Texas Safety Standards during classroom and outdoor investigations.

(5.1B) Recycling/Disposal of Science Materials
The student is expected to make informed choices in the conservation, disposal, and recycling of materials.

(5.2B) Ask Questions, Formulate a Hypothesis
The student is expected to ask well-defined questions, formulate testable hypotheses, and select and use appropriate equipment and technology.

(5.2C) Collect Data
The student is expected to collect information by detailed observations and accurate measuring.

(5.2D) Analyze Evidence and Explain
The student is expected to analyze and interpret information to construct reasonable explanations from direct (observable) and indirect (inferred) evidence.

(5.2F) Communicate Conclusions
The student is expected to communicate valid conclusions in both written and verbal forms.

(5.2G) Graphs, Tables, Charts
The student is expected to construct appropriate simple graphs, tables, maps, and charts using technology, including computers, to organize, examine, and evaluate information.

(5.4A) Tools for Collecting and Analyzing Information
The student is expected to collect, record, and analyze information using tools, including calculators, microscopes, cameras, computers, hand lenses, metric rulers, Celsius thermometers, prisms, mirrors, pan balances, triple beam balances, spring scales, graduated cylinders, beakers, hot plates, meter sticks, magnets, collecting nets, and notebooks; timing devices, including clocks and stopwatches; and materials to support observations of habitats or organisms such as terrariums and aquariums.

(5.4B) Safety Equipment
The student is expected to use safety equipment, including safety goggles and gloves.

(5.5A) Physical Properties of Matter
The student is expected to classify matter based on physical properties, including mass, magnetism, physical state (solid, liquid, and gas), relative density (sinking and floating), solubility in water, and the ability to conduct or insulate thermal energy or electric energy.

Related Math TEKS

(5.11A) The student is expected to solve problems involving changes in temperature.

(5.14D) The student is expected to use tools such as real objects, manipulatives, and technology to solve problems.

(5.15A) The student is expected to explain and record observations using objects, words, pictures, numbers, and technology.

Additional Resources

Changing State: BBC Schools Science Clips (website) - Experiment virtually with water as it changes from a solid to a liquid; observe what happens to gasses in a container.

Changing State
by the British Broadcasting Corporation, www.bbc.co.uk

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