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Heat and Melting

Heat and Melting

TEKS Objective

The student will investigate the effects on an object by increasing or decreasing amounts of light, heat, and sound energy such as how the color of an object appears different in dimmer light or how heat melts butter.

Essential Understanding

The student knows that forces cause change and energy exists in many forms.

Science Background

Thermal Energy Physics: ThermalEnergy.org (website) - Explains the physical science of thermal energy and relates it to heat, absolute zero, temperature scale and more.

Thermal Energy Physics
Thermalenergy.org

Energy Story: Energy Quest (website) - Students learn about the energy that makes our world work and about the important role that energy plays in our daily lives.

Energy Story
Energy Quest , California Energy Commission, www.energyquest.ca.gov

Heat Transfer with Coffee: School for Champions (website) - Excellent explanation of heat transfer and insulation, using an everyday item. Questions posed could be used to engage students in discussion of heat transfer.

Heat Transfer with Coffee
School for Champions, www.school-for-champions.com

Melting, Freezing and Boiling Point: Purdue University (website) - Research information on the melting, freezing and boiling points of water and other substances.

Melting, Freezing and Boiling Point
Purdue University, chemed.chem.purdue.edu

 

Signature Lesson

Water and Ice: Science NetLinks (website) - Students explore what happens to water as it changes from solid to liquid and back again.

Water and Ice
Science NetLinks, www.sciencenetlinks.com

Melting and Freezing: Science NetLinks (website) - Students explore what happens to different substances as they change from a solid to a liquid or a liquid to a solid.

Melting and Freezing
Science NetLinks, www.sciencenetlinks.com

Supporting Lessons

The Shape of Kisses: Pennsylvania Department of Education (website) - In this activity, students observe the changes that occur in matter when heat is added or removed.

The Shape of Kisses
Pennsylvania Department of Education, www.pdesas.org

Elaboration Lessons and Extensions

How Does a Thermometer Work? Energy Kids (PDF) - Students build simple thermometers and learn how to use them to measure heat.

How Does a Thermometer Work?
Energy Kids, www.eia.gov

Sun and Shade: Florida Solar Energy Center (PDF) - Students hypothesize how temperatures will differ in sunny and shady locations, and then conduct an investigation to test their hypotheses. Includes teacher background information and student pages.

Sun and Shade
Florida Solar Energy Center, www.fsec.ucf.edu

Assessment Ideas

Create a list of everyday items and ask students to sort them into two groups: objects that melt with the addition of heat and objects that do not melt.

Literature Connections

Energy Heat, Light, and Fuel (Amazing Science). Stille, D. (ISBN-13: 978-1404808409)

Arrow to the Sun: A Pueblo Indian Tale. McDermott, Gerald (ISBN-13: 978-0140502114)

The Sun. Ring, Susan (ISBN-13: 978-0736817141)

Related Science TEKS

(2.1A) Science Safety
The student is expected to identify and demonstrate safe practices as described in the Texas Safety Standards during classroom and outdoor investigations, including wearing safety goggles, washing hands, and using materials appropriately.

(2.1B) Importance of Safe Practices
The student is expected to describe the importance of safe practices.

(2.1C) Recycling/disposal of Science Materials
The student is expected to identify and demonstrate how to use, conserve, and dispose of natural resources and materials such as conserving water and reuse or recycling of paper, plastic, and metal.

(2.2A) Ask Questions
The student is expected to ask questions about organisms, objects, and events during observations and investigations.

(2.2B) Plan and Conduct Descriptive Investigation
The student is expected to plan and conduct descriptive investigations such as how organisms grow.

(2.2C) Collect Data
The student is expected to collect data from observations using simple equipment such as hand lenses, primary balances, thermometers, and non-standard measurement tools.

(2.2D) Record and Organize Data & Observations
The student is expected to record and organize data using pictures, numbers, and words.

(2.2E) Communicate and Justify Explanations
The student is expected to communicate observations and justify explanations using student-generated data from simple descriptive investigations.

(2.2F) Comparing Results of Investigations
The student is expected to compare results of investigations with what students and scientists know about the world.

(2.3B) Make Predictions
The student is expected to make predictions based on observable patterns.

Related Math TEKS

2.12D  The student is expected to use tools such as real objects, manipulatives, and technology to solve problems.

2.13A  The student is expected to explain and record observations using objects, words, pictures, numbers, and technology.

Additional Resources

Heat and Temperature: Teach (website) - Interactive activities that enable students to learn about heat and temperature, and the difference between them.

Heat and Temperature
Teach, www.yteach.co.uk

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