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Freshwater and Saltwater Sources

Freshwater and Saltwater Sources

TEKS Objective

The student is expected to identify and compare the properties of natural sources of freshwater and saltwater.


Essential Understanding

The student knows that the natural world includes Earth materials.

Science Background

Where is Earth’s Water Located? US Geological Survey (website) – The Earth is doing a balancing act with its water. Characteristics of Earth’s water sources are summarized here.

Where is Earth’s Water Located?
US Geological Survey, Water Resources of Georgia, water.usgs.gov/edu

Water Basics: US Geological Survey (website) - Information about water including where it is located on Earth, how much is found in the ground, lakes and rivers. This site also contains several links for further investigation of this essential resource.

Water Basics
US Geological Survey, Water Resources of Georgia, water.usgs.gov/edu

Signature Lesson

Freshwater/Saltwater Egg-periment: Partnerships for Reform Through Investigative Science and Mathematics (PDF) – Use the first half of this lesson to enable students identify and compare the properties of salt and freshwater.

Freshwater/Saltwater Egg-periment
University of Hawai'i at Hilo, Partnerships for Reform Through Investigative Science and Mathematics, hilo.hawaii.edu/affiliates/prism

Supporting Lessons

Freshwater vs. Saltwater: Intrepid Sea, Air & Space Museum (PDF) - This lesson includes several demonstrations that reveal that freshwater is less dense that salt water.

Freshwater vs. Saltwater
Intrepid Sea, Air & Space Museum, www.intrepidmuseum.org

Water is Very Special: US Environmental Protection Agency (PDF) - Students learn that water is used for drinking, cooking, cleaning and having fun.

Water is Very Special
US Environmental Protection Agency, www.epa.gov

Elaboration Lessons and Extensions

Splish, Splash: Water’s Journey to My Glass: National Geographic (website): Use maps to explore your local sources of drinking water.

Splish, Splash: Water’s Journey to My Glass
National Geographic, www.nationalgeographic.com

Exploring Density with Salt and Fresh Water: Windows to the Universe (website) - Students investigate the interaction of fresh and salt water in this lesson, which also can lead into a discussion of density.

Exploring Density with Salt and Fresh Water
Windows to the Universe, www.windows2universe.org

Assessment Ideas

Have students devise an experiment to investigate the amount of salt that can be dissolved in hot water, compared to cold water.

Literature Connections

Sources of Water. Olien, Rebecca (ISBN: 0-736- 83699-3)

A Drop of Water. Wick, Walter (ISBN: 0-590-22197-3)

Saving Water. Olien, Rebecca (ISBN: 0-736- 83699-3)

Water. Flanagan, Alice (ISBN: 0-7565-0038-9)

Related Science TEKS

(2.7) Earth Materials
The student is expected to distinguish between natural and manmade resources.

(2.7A) Properties of Rocks
The student is expected to observe and describe rocks by size, texture, and color.

Related Math TEKS

2.12D  The student is expected to use tools such as real objects, manipulatives, and technology to solve problems.

2.13A  The student is expected to explain and record observations using objects, words, pictures, numbers, and technology.

Additional Resources

Classroom Activities and Demonstrations: Windows to the Universe (website) - Scroll down for many hands-on classroom science activities focusing on water.

Classroom Activities and Demonstrations
Windows to the Universe, www.windows2universe.org

Earth's Fresh Water Resources: eHow.com (website) - Information about the sources of fresh water on our planet, with links to additional related content.

Earth's Fresh Water Resources
by Michael Monet, eHow.com

Drinking Water & Ground Water Kids’ Stuff: US Environmental Protection Agency (website) - Water-related activities and classroom lessons for kids and teachers, by grade level.

Drinking Water & Ground Water Kids’ Stuff
US Environmental Protection Agency, water.epa.gov

Freshwater Classroom Lessons: US Environmental Protection Agency (PDF) - Set of lessons exploring the science of water, with connections to social studies, language arts, and math.

Freshwater Classroom Lessons
US Environmental Protection Agency, www.epa.gov

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